CHSE Final Examination Chemistry MCQ Online Practice and important Long Questions
CHSE Final Examination Chemistry MCQ Online Practice and Selected Long Questions
For answering in the MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) in the council Examination you need to prepare carefully from each line of chemistry syllabus. Reading notes alone will not help at all, hence go for books and understand each line. Visit our website regularly for answering MCQ VST (Very Similar Tests). We will prepare for you one or two MCQ Tests daily basis. You can also get your score and correct answers instantly. Support us for this level of work. Some of the questions will be of slightly of higher rank for which your problem solving ability as a gateway to entrance examinations will be strengthened.
Before we start, let us have a look into the Most Expected Long Questions:
Physical:
Solid State:
1. Classify the crystalline solids based on the constituent particles such as Ionic, Covalent, Molecular and Metallic solids. Describe important characteristics.
2. Derive relationship between a, d and r in simple, body centred and face centred cubic unit cells.
3. What do you understand by radius ratio rule in ionic solids? Discuss its significance in the structural arrangement and coordination number in ionic solid.
4. What is Crystal lattice, lattice point and unit cell? Calculate the number of lattice points in different type of cubic unit cells?
calculate the number of unit cells in 14 grams of lithium if it crystallises in BCC lattice.
5. Point Defects in crystalline solids: Stoichiometric, nonstoichiometric and impurity defects
6. What is close packing of constituent particles in crystalline substances? Discuss its types?
7. Discuss band theory in solids. Classify solids based on band theory. (Excluded in Reduced Syllabus)
8. Write Short notes on any three:
Schottky defect
Frenkel Defect
n-type semiconductor
p-type semiconductor
Metal Excess defect
Metal deficiency defect
9. Calculate the packing efficiency in different types of cubic unit cells.
Solutions:
1. Define Normality, molarity and molality. Find relationship between normality and molarity.
2. What do you mean by colligative property of dilute solutions? how can you derive the relationship between Relative lowering in vapour pressure and molecular mass of the solute?
The Vapour pressure of a 5% aq. solution of non-volatile substance at 373 k is 750 mm. Calculate the molecular mass of the solute.
3. What is Elevation in boiling point? How is it a colligative property? Related problem.
4. What is Depression in freezing point and how is it a colligative property? Related problem.
5. What is Osmotic pressure, what are laws of osmotic pressure and how is it a colligative property? Related problem.
6. State and explain Raoult's law. A solution of 2.5 gram of a substance in 25 gram of water boils at 100.8 degree centigrade at 11 atm pressure. Calculate the molecular mass of the substance.
7. What are ideal and non ideal solutions? Explain graphically the non ideal solutions showing positive and negative deviation from Raoult's law.
Electrochemistry:
1. Write Short notes on: Electrode potential, standard electrode potential, standard hydrogen electrode and cell potential.
2. Write notes on electrode potential and Nernst equation. Calculate the emf of the cell Zn/Zn2+(0.01M) // Ag+(0.1M)/Ag if standard reduction electrode potential of Zn and silver are -0.76V and +0.80V.
3. What is Electrochemical series and what are its applications?
4. State and explain Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions. The equivalent conductance at infinite dilution for sodium acetate, sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid are 78, 109, 384 unit respectively. Calculate the equivalent conductance of acetic acid at infinite dilution.
5. State and explain Faraday's law. When a current of 24 amp is passed through agno3 solution for 10 minutes, 16 gram of silver is deposited. Find the electrochemical equivalent of silver.
6. Define Specific, equivalent and molar conductance. Derive relationship between specific and molar conductance.
7. Describe the construction and working of Daniel cell.
Chemical Kinetics:
1. Explain the term order and molecularity of a reaction. Give one example each for zero, first, pseudo first order and fractional order reaction.
2. Derive the integrated rate law for zero order reaction. What is half life? Show how half life of a zero order reaction changes. The initial concentration of a reactant is 0.5M with rate constant of 1.5X10^-2 mol litre inverse second inverse. What is half life period of the reaction?
3. Derive an expression for the rate constant of 1st order reaction. Define half life period. A first order reaction is 50% complete in 69.3 minutes. What time will it take for 80% completion?
4. Discuss the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
5. What are Activation energy and activated complex? Graphically represent a reversible reaction which is endothermic in forward direction.
6. Derive Arrhenius equation for the rate constant of a reaction at two different temperatures? For certain reaction, the rate constant becomes doubled when the temperature is raised from 290K to 300 K. Calculate the activation energy of the reaction.
Surface Chemistry:
1. What is adsorption? Compare physical and chemical adsorption.
2. What is catalysis? Discuss the theory of catalysis (Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis). What are the important characteristics of a catalytic reaction?
3. What is Specificity and activity of a catalyst? What do you mean by Enzyme catalysis? Discuss the mechanism and characteristics of enzyme catalysed reaction?
4. What is a colloid? Compare true solution, colloidal solution and suspension
5. What do you mean by colloidal solution? How can you prepare sulphur sol? Discuss mechanical and optical properties of colloidal solution.
6. Write short notes on:
Gold Number
Hardy Schulze rule
Emulsion
Inorganic:
General principle and isolation of elements:
1. What are minerals and ores? Discuss various methods of concentration of ores.
2. Write short notes on any three:
Gravity separation
Froth floatation
Leaching
Roasting
Calcination
Smelting
Mond's Process
Van Arkel method
Zone refining
3. Write two important ores of aluminium and discuss the principle and steps involved in the extraction of aluminium from one of its chief ore. (Excluded in reduced syllabus)
4. Same question may be asked for Fe, Cu or Zn (Excluded in reduced syllabus)
5. Discuss any three of the following methods of reduction of metal oxide:
Carbon reduction process
Aluminothermic process
Self reduction process
Electrolytic reduction process
6. Briefly illustrate the principle of various methods of refining of metals with suitable examples.
7. Discuss the following:
Electrolytic refining
Zone refining
Vapour phase refining
p - Block elements:
1. Discuss with diagram the Seimen's ozoniser method for the preparation of ozone. What happens when ozone reacts with (i) Lead sulphide (ii) Acidified FeSO4 solution. Explain the bleaching action of ozone.
2. Discuss the position of noble gas in the periodic table and discuss the hybridisation and structure of XeF2, XeF4 and XeF6.
3. Discuss the principle of manufacture of HNO3 by Ostwald's process. How does HNO3 react with: (i) H2S (ii) P4 (iii) Cu ?
4. Discuss the physical and chemical properties of group 16 elements.
5. Discuss the physical and chemical properties of halogens.
6. Discuss the principle of manufacture of H2SO4 by contact process. How does conc. H2SO4 react with (i) Copper (ii) Sugar?
H2S gas can not be dried with Conc. H2SO4. Explain
7. Describe the laboratory method of preparation of SO2 gas. How does it react with (i) acidified KMnO4 solution (ii) Cl2 water.
Why bleaching action of Cl2 is permanent while that of SO2 is temporary?
8. How ammonia is prepared, dried and collected in laboratory? How does it react with (i) CuO (ii) CuSO4 solution?
Coordination Compounds:
1. Write assumptions of crystal field theory. Discuss the pattern of splitting of d - orbitals under the effect of an octahedral crystal field.
2. Write notes on Werner's coordination theory.
3. Discuss the main features of Valence bond theory (VBT) as applied to coordination compounds. Discuss the structure of hexacyanido ferrate (II) ion and hexafluorido ferrate (III) ion according to VBT.
4. Discuss structural isomerism in coordination compounds.
Organic Chemistry:
Alkyl and Aryl halides:
1. How can you prepare chlorobenzene from (i) Benzene (ii) Aniline.
How does chlorobenzene reacts with (i) Conc. HNO3 (ii) Cl2 in presence of FeCl3
2. How will you prepare (i) Chlorobenzene (ii) Bromobenzene (iii) Iodobenzene from benzene diazonium chloride?
How does chlorobenzene reacts with (i) Sodium metal (ii) CH3Cl in presence of AlCl3 (anhydrous)
3. How can you prepare ethyl chloride from alcohols? What happens when ethyl chloride reacts with following substances? (i) CH3ONa (ii) Na (iii) Alcoholic KOH
4. Write short notes on any three:
Wurtz reaction
Wurtz fittig reaction
Fittig reaction
Finkelstein reaction
Williomson's synthesis
Sandmeyers reaction
Frankland reaction
F.C Alkylation
F.C Acylation
Peroxide effect
Markownikoff's rule
5. What is the reason behind less reactivity of alkyl halides towards nucleophilic substitution reaction?
What change can be brought in the aromatic ring to increase this rate of nucleophilic substitution reaction?
Alcohols, Phenol and Ethers:
1. How is phenol prepared from benzene diazonium chloride? Explain its acidic character. Explain Reimer Tiemann reaction with example.
2. How can you distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols? How does ethyl alcohol react with (i) acidified potassium dichromate solution (ii) PCl5 ?
3. What is Grignard's reagent? How can you prepare primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols from Grignard's reagent? How can you distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols with Lucas reagent?
4. How is phenol prepared from (i) sodium benzene sulphonate (ii) benzene diazonium chloride? How does phenol react with (i) Br2 in CS2 (ii) HCHO in presence of HCl (iii) Conc. HNO3
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids:
1. An organic compound A with molecular formula C8H8O forms an orange precipitate with 2,4 -dinitrophenyl hydrazine and gives a yellow precipitate on heating with iodine in presence of sodium hydroxide. It neither reduce Fehling solution nor Tollen's reagent and also does not decolourise bromine water or Baeyer's reagent. On drastic oxidation with chromic acid it gives carboxylic acid B having formula C7H6O2. Identify the compounds A and B and show the reaction flow.
2. how is acetaldehyde prepared from acetyl chloride?
How does acetyl chloride react with (i) Tollen's reagent (ii)Phenyl hydrazine ?
What is the order of nucleophilic addition among the following compounds: formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone
3. How is acetic acid prepared form methyl magnesium bromide?
What happens when acetic acid is (i) reduced by lithium aluminium hydride (ii) treated with ammonium hydroxide and the resulting product is heated strongly?
4. How is acetaldehyde prepared from calcium salt of organic acid?
Suggest a test to distinguish between formaldehyde and acetaldehyde.
How does acetaldehyde react with (i) dilute NaOH (ii) Tollen's reagent (iii) NaHSO3
5. How is acetic acid prepared from (i) CH3CH2OH (ii) CH3COOC2H5 (iii) CH3MgBr
Suggest a test to distinguish between formic acid and acetic acid.
6. How is benzaldehyde prepared by Etard's reaction?
How does it react with (i) Conc. NaOH (ii) Phenyl hydrazine
7. Write short notes on any three
Aldol Condensation
Cannizzaro's reaction
Urotropine
Iodoform reaction
Hell Volhard Zelinsky reaction
8. how can you prepare acetaldehyde form acetylene?
How does it react with (i) conc. NaOH (ii) Phenyl hydrazine
9. Give any two methods of preparation of acetone.
How does acetone react with (i) phenyl hydrazine (ii) NH2OH (iii) NaHSO3
Organic compounds containing nitrogen
1. What is Sandmeyer's reaction?
How can you prepare aniline from benzene?
How does aniline react with aqueous bromine?
2. How can you prepare benzene diazonium chloride form nitrobenzene?
How can you prepare (i) p-hydroxyazobenzene (ii) Chlorobenzene (iii) fluorobenzene, from benzene diazonium chloride?
3. What is diazo reaction? Give reaction.
How can you prepare benzene, fluorobenzene and chlorobenzene from benzene diazonium chloride?
4. Write short notes on any three:
Coupling reaction
Gattermann reaction
Sandmeyer's reaction
Carbylamine reation
Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
5. Write the possible isomers of the compound having formula C3H9N. Name and Classify them.
How can you distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary amine using nitrous acid?
Biomolecules (excluded in reduced syllabus), Polymers and Chemistry in every day life:
1. What are natural and synthetic rubber?
What are chain growth and step growth polymerisation
2. What are polymers? How are they classified based on source, structure and mode of polymerisation?
3. Write short notes on any three:
Condensation polymerisation
Step growth polymerisation
Vulcanisation
Nylon-6,6
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