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Notes On Gaseous State (BSc and Integrated Standard For all Concerned Entrance Examination)

 Notes On Gaseous State      This page provides you all details about the gaseous state of BSc standard. Concerned problems will be solved at the end of each concept. Continue till the end to find the easiest explanation of every concept you need in this regard . Postulates of Kinetic Theory of Gases: 1. All gas consist of a very large number of minute particles, called molecules.  2. The gas molecules are extremely small in size and are separated by large distance. The actual volume of the gas molecules is thus negligible as compared to the total volume occupied by the gas.  3. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to the bombardment of the molecules on the walls of the vessel.  4. The gas molecules collide with one another and also with the walls of the vessels. These collisions are perfectly elastic and there is no loss of energy during these collisions.  5. The distance between the gas molecules are very large. Thus, there is no effective force of attraction or r

Top ten inspiring quotes from eminent chemists

 Words of Wisdom: Inspiring Quotes from Famous Chemists

Chemistry, often referred to as the central science, has shaped our understanding of the natural world and revolutionized countless aspects of our lives. Throughout history, pioneering chemists have made groundbreaking discoveries and profound observations that have laid the foundation for modern chemistry and inspired generations of scientists. Their insights into the nature of matter, the principles of chemical reactions, and the structure of atoms and molecules have not only advanced scientific knowledge but also enriched our perspective on the world around us. In this article, we explore a collection of quotes from some of the most influential chemists in history, including Robert Boyle, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, Antoine Lavoisier, Marie Curie, Linus Pauling, Friedrich Wöhler, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger, and more. These quotes offer a glimpse into the minds of these remarkable individuals, revealing their passion for science, their curiosity about the natural world, and their enduring commitment to unraveling the mysteries of chemistry."

Words of wisdom by eminent chemists

One of the most famous quotes by Antoine Lavoisier, often referred to as the "father of modern chemistry," is:

"Rien ne se perd, rien ne se crée, tout se transforme."

In English, this translates to:

"Nothing is lost, nothing is created, everything is transformed."

This quote encapsulates Lavoisier's understanding of the conservation of mass and the transformative nature of chemical reactions, laying the foundation for modern chemistry.

Friedrich Wöhler, the German chemist known for his synthesis of urea, a milestone in organic chemistry, is often quoted for his contributions to the field. One of his notable quotes is:

"I can make urea without needing a kidney or an animal, either man or dog."

This quote reflects Wohler’s groundbreaking achievement in demonstrating that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic precursors, challenging the then-prevailing notion of a fundamental distinction between organic and inorganic chemistry.

Marie Curie, the pioneering physicist and chemist known for her groundbreaking research on radioactivity, is often quoted for her insights into science, perseverance, and discovery. One of her most famous quotes is:

"Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood. Now is the time to understand more, so that we may fear less."

This quote reflects Curie's fearless pursuit of scientific knowledge and her belief in the power of understanding to overcome fear and ignorance. Her dedication to scientific discovery, despite facing numerous challenges and obstacles, continues to inspire scientists and researchers around the world.

Humphry Davy, the British chemist and inventor known for his discoveries of several alkali and alkaline earth metals, as well as his work in electrochemistry, made significant contributions to the field of chemistry. One of his famous quotes is:

"Nothing is so dangerous to the progress of the human mind than to assume that our views of science are ultimate, that there are no mysteries in nature, that our triumphs are complete, and that there are no new worlds to conquer."

This quote reflects Davy's recognition of the continuous nature of scientific exploration and discovery, emphasizing the importance of curiosity, humility, and open-mindedness in the pursuit of knowledge.

Erwin Schrödinger, the Austrian physicist known for his contributions to quantum mechanics, is often quoted for his insightful reflections on science and philosophy. One of his famous quotes is:

"The task is not so much to see what no one has yet seen, but to think what nobody has yet thought about that which everybody sees."

This quote underscores Schrödinger's emphasis on creative and innovative thinking in scientific exploration, encouraging scientists to approach familiar phenomena with fresh perspectives and insights.

Niels Bohr, the Danish physicist known for his foundational contributions to quantum theory and atomic structure, is often quoted for his profound insights into the nature of science and reality. One of his famous quotes is:

"Prediction is very difficult, especially about the future."

This quote reflects Bohr's recognition of the inherent uncertainties and complexities in scientific exploration, emphasizing the challenges of making accurate predictions in the ever-evolving field of physics.

Werner Heisenberg, the German physicist and one of the pioneers of quantum mechanics, is known for his profound contributions to the understanding of atomic and subatomic particles. One of his most famous quotes is:

"The first gulp from the glass of natural sciences will turn you into an atheist, but at the bottom of the glass God is waiting for you."

This quote reflects Heisenberg's contemplation of the relationship between science, spirituality, and the mysteries of the universe, highlighting the profound insights and questions that arise from scientific exploration.

Robert Boyle, the Irish natural philosopher and chemist, is known for his pioneering experiments and contributions to the development of modern chemistry. One of his most famous quotes is:

"The natural world is a temple where the divine is manifested in the beauty of creation."

This quote reflects Boyle's belief in the harmony between science and spirituality, emphasizing the wonder and complexity of the natural world as a testament to divine creation.

Alfred Werner, a Swiss chemist known for his work on coordination compounds, is often quoted for his pioneering contributions in this field. One of his notable statements is:

"I would like to mention here explicitly a fundamental principle which I have already advocated in my theoretical investigations, and which seems to me to be of particular importance in the present connection: the principle of the coordination of atoms."

This quote reflects Werner's emphasis on the concept of coordination in understanding the structures and properties of complex compounds, a cornerstone of modern coordination chemistry.

Max Planck, the German physicist known as the founder of quantum theory, is often quoted for his profound insights into the nature of science and the universe. One of his most famous quotes is:

"A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it."

This quote highlights Planck's recognition of the challenges involved in accepting new scientific ideas and paradigms, emphasizing the importance of open-mindedness and the generational shift in the acceptance and adoption of scientific advancements.

John Dalton, the English chemist and physicist known for his pioneering work in atomic theory, is often quoted for his profound insights into the nature of matter and atoms. One of his most famous quotes is:

"Chemistry is the study of the composition of substances and the changes they undergo."

This quote reflects Dalton's fundamental understanding of chemistry as a science focused on the composition, structure, and transformation of matter, laying the groundwork for modern chemistry and atomic theory.

Dmitri Mendeleev, the Russian chemist best known for his development of the periodic table of elements, is often quoted for his insights into chemistry and scientific discovery. One of his most famous quotes is:

"I saw in a dream a table where all elements fell into place as required. Awakening, I immediately wrote it down on a piece of paper."

This quote reflects Mendeleev's inspiration for the organization of the periodic table and his innovative approach to classifying the elements based on their properties and atomic weights.

Linus Pauling, the American chemist and peace activist, is one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century. He made significant contributions to the fields of chemistry, molecular biology, and quantum mechanics. One of his most famous quotes is:

"The best way to have a good idea is to have lots of ideas."

This quote encapsulates Pauling's creative approach to scientific inquiry and his belief in the importance of generating and exploring multiple ideas to arrive at innovative solutions and breakthroughs.

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