Notes On Gaseous State This page provides you all details about the gaseous state of BSc standard. Concerned problems will be solved at the end of each concept. Continue till the end to find the easiest explanation of every concept you need in this regard . Postulates of Kinetic Theory of Gases: 1. All gas consist of a very large number of minute particles, called molecules. 2. The gas molecules are extremely small in size and are separated by large distance. The actual volume of the gas molecules is thus negligible as compared to the total volume occupied by the gas. 3. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to the bombardment of the molecules on the walls of the vessel. 4. The gas molecules collide with one another and also with the walls of the vessels. These collisions are perfectly elastic and there is no loss of energy during these collisions. 5. The distance between the gas molecules are very large. Thus, there is no effective force of attraction or r
Rural Indian Mothers - They don't preach rather apply chemistry
Rural Indian mothers possess a stock of practical knowledge about chemistry, often learned through generations of experience and necessity rather than formal education. This knowledge is deeply embedded in their daily lives, influencing their cooking, cleaning, healthcare practices, and agricultural activities. Read till the end to get the hidden talent and don’t forget to mention your mother in the comment section below.
Here’s a glimpse into the
chemistry that typical rural mothers in India engage with every day.
Cooking: The Heart of the Household
Cooking is where rural Indian mothers exhibit their profound understanding of chemistry. They know which ingredients to combine to bring out the best flavors and textures, often through intricate chemical reactions.
Me as an author of this article remeber those golden school days. When school time approached, I used to get angry with my mother knowing that coocking had not started. But my mother was able to finish coocking in just 25 minutes just by burning wood. Later when I became a Lecturer could realise how she was able to apply Elevation in boling point to boil rice and added a little salt to water so that high temerature can be maintaned. Its sure that she did not know exactly what is elevation in boiling point but was sure of the idea she applied.
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Fermentation: Many traditional Indian
foods, such as idli and dosa, rely on fermentation. Mothers know that mixing
rice and urad dal (black gram) and leaving the batter overnight in a warm place
will lead to fermentation, producing carbon dioxide that makes the batter rise
and results in soft, spongy dishes.
Use of Spices: Spices are a staple in
Indian cooking. Turmeric, for example, contains curcumin, which has antiseptic
properties. Mothers use turmeric not just for its flavor and color but also for
its health benefits, understanding its role in digestion and as an
anti-inflammatory agent.
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Preservation Techniques: Drying,
pickling, and fermenting are common methods to preserve food. Mothers know how
to use salt and sunlight to dehydrate vegetables and fruits, preventing
microbial growth and ensuring food supplies during off-seasons.
Cleaning: The Natural Way
Rural Indian mothers often use
natural substances for cleaning, avoiding commercial chemicals and relying on
traditional knowledge.
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Ash and Clay: Ash from wood fires is
alkaline and effectively cleans greasy utensils. Similarly, clay or soil can be
used to scrub pots and pans, providing a gentle abrasive action.
Lemon and Tamarind: Acidic substances
like lemon and tamarind are used to remove stains and disinfect. The citric
acid in these fruits can break down grease and kill bacteria, making them
excellent natural cleaners.
Herbal Disinfectants: Neem leaves and
other herbs are used for their antibacterial properties. Floors and surfaces
are often cleaned with water infused with neem, which acts as a natural
disinfectant.
Healthcare: Traditional Remedies
The medicinal knowledge of rural
mothers is a testament to their understanding of plant-based chemistry and its
therapeutic effects.
Herbal Medicines: Many rural mothers
use plants and herbs to treat common ailments. For instance, tulsi (holy basil)
leaves are known for their antiviral and antibacterial properties and are used
to treat colds and coughs.
Turmeric and Milk: A mixture of
turmeric in warm milk is a traditional remedy for sore throats and coughs. The
curcumin in turmeric acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, while the warm milk
soothes the throat.
Neem and Basil: Neem leaves and basil
are often used to treat skin infections and wounds due to their antiseptic
properties. Mothers create pastes or decoctions from these plants to apply on
cuts and rashes.
Agriculture: Sustaining the Land
Many rural mothers are involved in
agricultural activities, where their knowledge of soil chemistry and organic
farming techniques plays a crucial role.
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Composting: They understand the
importance of composting organic waste to create natural fertilizers. The
decomposition process enriches the soil with nutrients like nitrogen,
phosphorus, and potassium, essential for plant growth.
Pest Control: Natural pest control
methods include using neem oil or chili-garlic sprays, which act as insect
repellents. These methods avoid the use of harmful chemical pesticides,
promoting sustainable farming practices.
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Crop Rotation and Polyculture:
Knowledge of crop rotation and polyculture helps in maintaining soil fertility
and reducing pest infestations. Mothers know which crops to plant together to
support each other’s growth, enhancing biodiversity and soil health.
This is how we are concluding:
The chemistry known to rural Indian mothers is a rich tapestry of practical, everyday science that enhances their ability to manage households, ensure health, and sustain agricultural practices. Their knowledge, passed down through generations, is a blend of tradition and empirical understanding, rooted in observation and experience. This invaluable wisdom not only supports their families and communities but also offers insights into sustainable and natural ways of living that resonate with modern ecological practices.
