Notes On Gaseous State This page provides you all details about the gaseous state of BSc standard. Concerned problems will be solved at the end of each concept. Continue till the end to find the easiest explanation of every concept you need in this regard . Postulates of Kinetic Theory of Gases: 1. All gas consist of a very large number of minute particles, called molecules. 2. The gas molecules are extremely small in size and are separated by large distance. The actual volume of the gas molecules is thus negligible as compared to the total volume occupied by the gas. 3. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to the bombardment of the molecules on the walls of the vessel. 4. The gas molecules collide with one another and also with the walls of the vessels. These collisions are perfectly elastic and there is no loss of energy during these collisions. 5. The distance between the gas molecules are very large. Thus, there is no effective force of attraction or r
Notes on Chemical Bonding Chemical bonding is a fundamental concept in chemistry that explains how atoms combine to form molecules and compounds. There are several types of chemical bonds, each with its own characteristics and properties. > Types of Chemical Bonds: Ionic Bonds: An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that forms between two atoms with significantly different electronegativities. It is formed considerably between metals and nonmetals. Such bonds are formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to the other. Examples: Common examples of compounds held together by ionic bonds include sodium chloride (table salt), potassium chloride (used in some salt substitutes), calcium carbonate (found in chalk and shells), and magnesium oxide. The figure below explains how sodium ion looses one electron which is accepted by chlorine atom. Thus sodium becomes a cation and chlorine becomes an anion. An electrostatic force of attraction between these two